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Styles of Japanese garden design
Natural Japanese gardens
Among the natural-style gardens, the “shinden-zukuri” garden is a crystallization of extremely ancient Japanese garden motifs. The oldest recorded garden of this type—which includes artificial hills, ponds, and streams among the garden trees—dates back to the Asuka period (c.538 to 710 AD).
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Religious style Japanese Gardens
Among Japanese gardens having religious significance are those in what is known as the Joudo style. Taking its name from the Joudo Buddhist sect, this garden style was developed in the late Heian and Kamakura periods (c.1000~c.1333) and draw its symbolism from the belief in the Joudo paradise popular at the time.
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Water garden and rock garden design
Seeing from the standpoint of designing, traditional Japanese gardens can be divided into two basic types; the gardens that have water in the form of a pond or a flowing rivulet, and the dry “rock gardens”, called “sekitei” in Japanese. In the Eastern tradition, the word for “landscape” is a combination of the characters for “mountain” and “water”, which is read sansui in Japanese.
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